First, CCSVI Alliance, the 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that I volunteer for, had some good media coverage. Check out this link. Doesn’t their president, Sharon Richardson, look soooo presidential?
Second, my friend Marc Stecker, aka Wheelchair Kamikaze, is featured on the cover story in the Fall 2010 edition of Momentum magazine, seen here. If you’re one of the few individuals in the MS world who has not yet visited his website, click here.
Everyone wants to know how I’m doing after my CCSVI procedure. The answer is…I feel exactly the same as I did before my visit to Dr. Sclafani. That may sound like bad news, but maybe it is, and maybe it isn’t.
Some people are personally invested in my outcome because they know me and care about me. Others are following my story because I represent another data point in what has become a global, open laboratory experiment. Our collective lab notes can be found at CCSVI websites, on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, TIMS, and at a place we affectionately call the Blogosphere.
So I sit here and wonder- have the blood flow characteristics in my central nervous system improved enough to alter the course of my MS? Unfortunately, I have no answer today. As soon as I do have a clue, one way or the other, you’ll be the first to know (well, right after I tell Kim).
Before trying to evaluate the success or failure of my CCSVI procedure, I decided to re-read my earlier blog posts, so that I could be reminded of what my expectations were. I’m glad I wrote them down, because expectations are notoriously fluid over time. Here’s some of what I wrote, from the oldest post to the most recent:
“…people like me who have already suffered significant damage to our central nervous systems will not see much, if any, improvement in our current conditions. We would simply stop getting worse. I need to stop getting worse, like, yesterday. Getting better can wait.”
“This concept has such upside potential that I find myself temporarily disinterested in all other MS research. For the moment, everything else is just so much background noise to me.”
“Given the speed at which my MS is progressing, patience puts me at more risk than taking early action does. CCSVI remains my best chance to halt the progression of this disease before it completely consumes me.”
“Although I am very encouraged by the possible connection between CCSVI and MS, I have to be realistic about the chances that this will make a difference in my life. In other words, I am managing my expectations. This is how I operate. Others, in a similar situation, might effuse optimism. To each his own. Perhaps this will slow down or stop the progression of the disease. Maybe it won’t help at all. But one thing is certain. If I do nothing, then I know where this thing is headed.”
“No miracle changes on the operating table. It may take me many months to assess the impact. No matter the final results, it was a most interesting experience.”
“How am I doing, you ask? I’m doing just fine, thank you. Ask me again in six months or a year, and I may be able to tell you if this procedure had any positive effect on my disease progression. Wouldn’t that be something?”
“Because it may be a long while before I know if this CCSVI treatment helped my disease progression or not, I’m unsure of how to comport myself. Should I carry on as if I’m cured or as if I’m still sick?
That’s a trick question. Forgive me. The answer is the same no matter the outcome of my CCSVI treatment. To the best of my ability I’m going to live my life one day at a time, hope for the best, prepare for the worst, and treat each day as if it could be my last. I encourage each of you to do the same.”
Several themes stand out in these earlier posts. First, I had modest and realistic expectations. Although there have been many accounts from CCSVI patients about immediate improvements, as a person with advanced PPMS I had no expectations in that regard. I only hoped to stop the progression. Second, before I had CCSVI treatment I felt that it would take six months or a year to assess its impact. It’s only been twelve weeks. Third, even if I see no benefit from CCSVI treatment, I will not regret having tried.
Since March 17th, I have seen no improvements. I expected none. Over the same time period I have experienced no disease progression. I expected none. Twelve weeks is simply too short of a period to notice disease progression for me.
There are two potential story lines, either one of which may be playing out right now:
A third scenario may be overlaid on either of these though, just to complicate matters. It may be that the repair was not permanent. The stenosis that was opened using angioplasty may have returned (restenosis). I expect to have a follow-up visit with Dr. Sclafani at six months, which will be September of 2010, to determine if the areas of stenosis have remained open. I’ll have this exam whether or not I believe my disease progression has stopped.
For me, then, it remains a waiting game. Is the uncertainty difficult to bear? Sure it is. However, it’s preferable to the grim certainty I would have faced if I had tried nothing at all (and ‘nothing at all’ is exactly the recommended course of action by many physicians and other experts, none of whom walk in my shoes).
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| (Photo credit: Wikipedia) |
The world is a tragedy to those who feel, but a comedy to those who think. – Horace Walpole
My journey through CCSVI self-education, diagnosis, and treatment has been one of the most remarkable experiences of my life, whether or not I ever see any benefit from it.
So with all that I have learned and all that I have now experienced, what is my position on the CCSVI – MS connection? From a purely scientific point of view, nothing is yet proven. We have pilot studies. We have anecdotal evidence. We have well thought out theories. We have incredible enthusiasm among patients and some doctors. We have trials in progress (not enough, mind you). We simply don’t have irrefutable, scientific proof of the nature of the connection yet, especially for the relatively rare primary progressive MS (my type).
I do have a scientific background, and that part of me will not be satisfied until much more data is independently collected and analyzed. But I am also an MS patient and an MS advocate. This side of me does not demand the same burden of proof as my scientific side does. The good news is that I don’t have to choose a single perspective. I can honor them both.
I am personally convinced that to some extent CCSVI contributes to or even causes MS, although I can’t prove it. I don’t know how robust that relationship is, but I feel that there is something profound going on here. Again, I am less informed and therefore less confident about the relationship between CCSVI and primary progressive MS than I am about the relationship between CCSVI and the more common relapsing remitting MS.
Given this, what do I believe should happen next? I’m glad you asked.
I believe that every person on the planet with clinically definite multiple sclerosis should be tested for CCSVI. Unfortunately, I’m not exactly sure what I mean by “tested.” Relying on the run-of-the-mill MRV and ultrasound examinations isn’t the answer. There are only a few clinics in the world that are proficient at using these noninvasive tests to diagnose CCSVI. That is not a reason to stop using these tests, but rather a reason to become better at using them- through practice. The gold standard is the catheter venogram, and even that needs to be performed by an interventional radiologist who has some level of competency or at least genuine interest in CCSVI. Every MS patient deserves to know if the veins that drain their central nervous system are functioning properly, and they deserve to know that now.
I believe that every MS patient on the planet who shows evidence of CCSVI should be entitled to have it treated by a method agreed upon by patient and doctor. This might include stents, angioplasty, open surgery, etc.
I believe that CCSVI is the most promising area of research into the root cause of multiple sclerosis, and should be funded accordingly. I’m not (yet) calling for all other research into causes and treatments to stop, but our emphasis should be on CCSVI. Today, the percentage of MS research dollars allocated to CCSVI is grossly disproportionate to its potential benefit.
Given this, what is my commitment to the CCSVI cause? I’m glad you asked.
I personally commit to furthering the cause of CCSVI education and research. One of the ways I will do this is through CCSVI Alliance. They will be launching their website at http://www.ccsvi.org/ soon. I’ll also continue to advocate for CCSVI research and education through this blog. I’ll promise to speak about CCSVI with every MS patient or professional who will listen to me. I will commit to share my images, data, and personal experiences about my CCSVI diagnosis and treatment with anyone, anywhere, any time.
I need to thank a few people for helping me along the journey that culminated in my treatment for CCSVI on March 17, 2010:
Because it may be a long while before I know if this CCSVI treatment helped my disease progression or not, I’m unsure of how to comport myself. Should I carry on as if I’m cured or as if I’m still sick?
That’s a trick question. Forgive me. The answer is the same no matter the outcome of my CCSVI treatment. To the best of my ability I’m going to live my life one day at a time, hope for the best, prepare for the worst, and treat each day as if it could be my last. I encourage each of you to do the same.
To see all of my CCSVI Diagnosis and Treatment Log Entries, click here.
Postscript: I apologize for the barrage of clichés at the end. Sometimes you just can’t improve upon time-tested wisdom. Regarding the future of this blog, I have no plans for it to become the CCSVI Channel (we are launching CCSVI.org for that purpose). CCSVI will certainly be one of my more common topics here, but I will make an effort to re-broaden my perspective to include more general topics about living a disabled life. For example, check back in late April to read about, and see some pictures of, what it is like to go on a Caribbean cruise in the iBOT wheelchair. Hint: although I will derive satisfaction from blogging about the cruise, just maybe that’s not the only reason I am going on it.
In Log Entry #6 I wrote about what the experience was like for me during the actual CCSVI procedure. Here, in Log Entry #7, I’ll get into the details about the abnormalities that were found, and the actions taken to correct them. To catch up on my complete CCSVI Diagnosis and Treatment log, click here (and then scroll down).
What an amazing experience it was.
Right Internal Jugular
An angiogram, which is an X-ray test using a special dye and camera to take pictures of the blood flow in the vein, was performed in the right internal jugular vein. This revealed a short segment stenosis adjacent to the confluence of the brachiocephalic vein. The diameter reduction associated with this stenosis was approximately 60%. The more important number, relative to flow restriction, is the cross sectional area reduction which in this case was approximately 85%.
Multiple collateral veins were noted at this location. Collateral veins indicate attempts by the body to establish bypass flow around an obstruction. Dr. Sclafani inserted the intravascular ultrasound device (IVUS) and confirmed the stenosis. A balloon was inserted, and the vein was dilated multiple times. Another angiogram was performed after dilation which indicated improved flow, diminished flow through collaterals, and no stenosis. Note that the nominal diameter of this blood vessel was 12 mm. Dr. Sclafani prefers to slightly over-dilate the vessel in these instances, and so a 14mm x 4 cm balloon was used. Click on any image to enlarge it.
From left to right, the first image shows the stenosis during angiogram. The second image shows the balloon partially inflated. Note evidence of the stenosis resisting dilation. The third image shows the vein fully dilated.
Left Internal Jugular
An angiogram was performed in the left internal jugular vein. This revealed a stenosis at the confluence with the subclavian vein. The degree of narrowing was similar to that in the right internal jugular vein, approximately 60% diameter reduction and 85% cross sectional area reduction. Collateral veins were noted at this location. The IVUS probe was inserted and confirmed stenosis. A 14 mm x 4 cm balloon was inserted, and the vein was dilated multiple times. Another angiogram was performed after dilation which indicated improved flow, diminished flow through collaterals, and no stenosis.
The above image shows the stenosis during angiogram.
The above images show the balloon during inflation. Note evidence of the stenosis resisting dilation.
Above, angiogram after dilation, showing improved flow through the vein.
Azygos Vein
An angiogram was performed and indicated an abrupt lack of filling approximately 4 cm from the junction between the azygos and the superior vena cava. Dr. Sclafani inserted the IVUS device, which revealed a valve that was failing to completely open. This area was dilated with a 10 mm x 2 cm balloon. Note that the nominal vessel diameter at this location was approximately 8 mm. Another angiogram was performed, and improved flow was noted.
Above is an image of a shorter balloon being used to dilate the azygos at a relatively sharp turn in the vein.
Vertebral Veins
An angiogram was performed on the right vertebral vein. Stenosis was noted, but not treated. This is a smaller vein, and Dr. Sclafani was not comfortable performing angioplasty on it.
An angiogram was performed on the left vertebral vein, indicating that the vein branched into two smaller veins, which is abnormal. No treatment was attempted.
IVUS Images
Dr. Sclafani is innovating the use of IVUS technology in CCSVI diagnosis. I’ll have to take Dr. Sclafani’s word regarding what these images show. Maybe they are like the 3-D pictures that were so popular in the 1990’s. You remember- stare at them long enough and you see dolphins jumping over rainbows (or am I thinking about something else altogether). Anyway, here are some example images.
Above, the image to the left shows narrowing of the left internal jugular vein. The image to the right shows the same vein distended during inspiration (breathing in). Wait! I think I see it now. Do you?
The images above show an incompletely opening valve. I kinda see it.
Significance of findings and treatment
Most of the public discourse regarding CCSVI has been regarding the internal jugular veins and the azygos vein, so I will address these first. All three veins showed some type of stenosis, which is a significant finding. The fact that all three stenoses were repaired after angioplasty is potentially significant for my disease progression.
On the other side of the equation, it is unknown whether the repair of these stenoses will be permanent. Furthermore, since most of my lesion load is in the cervical spine, it is unclear how much benefit I will see from even permanent treatment of stenoses in the internal jugular veins.
The findings of stenosis in the vertebral veins may be significant, given the location of my primary lesion load. In my situation, the vertebral veins may be a more important factor than they are in patients with a lesion load primarily in the brain. This remains to be seen.
Below is an MRI image of my cervical spine. This is the problem we are trying to solve (or at least halt the further progression of). Arrows indicate MS lesions.
The Bottom Line
I had abnormalities in five out of five veins examined- all are blood vessels that drain my central nervous system. Therefore, it can be said that I had significant CCSVI. The three larger veins were all treated with angioplasty. The two smaller vertebral veins were not treated. One day I hope that we can attempt to treat at least one of these vertebral veins.
Only time will tell if Dr. Sclafani’s efforts were enough to slow or even stop the progression of my MS. I can only hope.
“Life is either a daring adventure or nothing.” Helen Keller
I can’t recall the precise moment when I decided that CCSVI was a legitimate theory about the root cause of MS. Probably it was in October of 2009. I was influenced, like so many of us are, by my friend the Wheelchair Kamikaze. If he thinks something is legitimate, it usually is. CCSVI really became clear to me when I sat down and spent about 6 hours reading through the TIMS message board. From that point forward, all other theories about treating MS became just so much background noise. Sorry, Big Pharma.
I will relate the rest of my CCSVI diagnosis and treatment story in two parts. This post will address what the experience was like from a patient’s perspective- mine. The second post will go into more detail about what was found in my veins, and exactly how it was treated by Dr. Sclafani, at King’s County Hospital Center in Brooklyn, NY. Before I publish that second post, I’ll need to run it by Dr. Sclafani for accuracy (see the photo of the good doctor and me at top, with a photo of one of my veins on the monitor).
Although I approached this CCSVI adventure with a mixture of optimism and realism, I didn’t feel any apprehension. After I made the decision to follow this road, I never looked back. I was not confident in the result, but I was convinced that I had no better option.
I’ll pick up the story on Wednesday, St. Patrick’s Day, 2010 (see previous posts for an accounting of the days leading up to my procedure day). Kim and I arrived at the hospital around 11:30, because our new friend, Barbara, was being treated by Dr. Sclafani first. Holly, Dr. Sclafani’s capable assistant escorted us to the surgical intake area, and handed us off to that team. I filled out some paperwork, and we waited and waited. Finally, the surgical nurse came out and led me into the prep area.
Kim helped me change from my street clothes into some surgical gowns that, well, were only marginally better than being naked. But you soon lose any semblance of modesty while undergoing this procedure, given that the doctors are operating from an access point near your groin.
The nurse started an IV in my arm. She was successful on the second try, which is par for the course for me. The nurses and Kim together transferred me from my wheelchair to a stretcher. Kim was allowed to stay by my side until it was time to move me into the operating room, which happened about 30 minutes after Barbara’s procedure was done.
Once I was in the operating room the nurses and technicians hooked me up to various monitors, and began to prep the area where the catheter would be inserted. When Dr. Sclafani arrived he stopped the show for a minute to conduct some legal, and frankly polite, formalities. He introduced his team and asked me to introduce myself. He asked me why I was there, and what procedure I was expecting to receive. This is a required step in New York to prevent medical errors, like doing brain surgery on a patient with tennis elbow, for example.
After I was given the local anesthesia at the injection point, there was no more pain involved with this procedure. There were, however, some very odd sensations when the catheter was moved around my venous system, when dye was released into my veins, and when balloons were inflated. It was all good though. That was where I wanted to be, and those were the experiences I wanted to have.
Dr. Sclafani first examined my right internal jugular vein. I could actually hear the whoosh sound of the dye as it was released into my vein. By watching the behavior of the dye on a monitor, and by using a tiny ultrasound device from inside the vein, he found stenosis in the right jugular, and ballooned it. He also found very similar stenosis in the left jugular, and ballooned that. Nice symmetry, huh? He identified a problem with a valve in my azygos vein, and ballooned it. He also found issues in both of my vertebral veins but was not able to correct those.
I didn’t always feel the catheter moving around in my chest and neck, but once in a while I could sense its location. But again, these sensations were subtle, and not at all frightening. I could sometimes feel when the balloon was being expanded, and other times I could not. When I felt it, it was not a sharp sensation, but rather like a momentary feeling of gas (the burping kind of gas).
Once the procedure was complete, the catheter was removed. A nurse applied significant pressure to the injection site for 20 minutes, and then covered it with a garden variety band-aid. I was then transferred from the operating table to a stretcher, and wheeled off to another room, where I had to lie still for an hour to let the injection site completely heal.
I love my wife dearly, and she was a rock for me the entire week. She really took care of me. I’m blessed to have her. But, when she walked into the recovery room with a sandwich in her hand, I may have shown the sandwich a little more love and appreciation than I did my wife. After all, I’d been fasting for quite a few hours. Sorry honey.
Although we had discussed the possibility of my spending the night in the hospital, I think that Dr. Sclafani is finding this to be generally unnecessary. So we drove back to the hotel, and I enjoyed a comfortable night’s sleep. At about 11:00 on Thursday Kim and I met with Dr. Sclafani to go over the procedure and the images in detail. We were home in Maine by 10:00 Thursday night. What an experience!
Dr. Sclafani’s assistant, Holly, is an amazing woman (picture on right). She is now managing the entire CCSVI patient workload, while still doing her “day job” for Dr. Sclafani. I’ve received emails and calls from her at some pretty odd hours of the day, which speaks to her dedication to her patients. She knows she is doing important work, and thrives on it.
Each time I met with Dr. Sclafani this week, I became more impressed with him. He cares deeply about his patients, and cares relatively little about what others think of his foray into experimental MS treatment (and I mean this in a good way). The word “maverick” comes to mind. Yet, he is anything but reckless. He’s just the sort of doctor that the CCSVI movement needs.
As soon as I can I will post more details about what was found, and how it was treated.
How am I doing, you ask? I’m doing just fine, thank you. Ask me again in six months or a year, and I may be able to tell you if this procedure had any positive effect on my disease progression. Wouldn’t that be something?
Just a short note to let everyone know that today’s procedure went well. Dr. Sclafani successfully used angioplasty on both of my jugular veins and my azygos vein. I have a meeting with him tomorrow where I’ll get more details on just how severe the stenosis was.
I’m in my hotel room now, and expect to be sleeping in my own bed tomorrow night.
No miracle changes on the operating table. It may take me many months to assess the impact.
No matter the final results, it was a most interesting experience.
I will blog in more detail later.
I have a couple of hours to kill before I leave for the hospital this morning for my CCSVI venogram and possible angioplasty, so I thought I’d blog for a few minutes.
I was critical of MRV’s and ultrasounds in my post last night. Let me qualify that a little bit. For someone in my situation, who will be getting the gold standard for CCSVI diagnostic tests later today (venogram), the noninvasive tests I underwent yesterday are relatively unimportant to me.
But we do need to come up with a set of noninvasive tests that are accurate and repeatable, for a couple of reasons. First, administering a venogram to every MS patient in the world would be a tough sell, today anyway. It is an expensive test, and it is somewhat invasive. So we need a screening tool, but it can’t be a screening tool that has high false negatives or high false positives. At this point in the early “life” of CCSVI, it takes someone with the experience level of Dr. Zamboni’s team in order to accomplish this. It takes practice. It takes repetitions. Some organizations around the globe are starting to gain this valuable experience, but so many other organizations are just getting started.
Second, we need a noninvasive test in order to examine those patients who have already undergone a CCSVI procedure. Those people will want to have their CCSVI repair evaluated periodically in order to determine if the veins that were opened have closed (re-stenosed). It’s not practical to have those patients submit to an invasive test every six months or year.
So, although I consider the ultrasound and MRV to be imperfect tools at this time, I am not advocating that we discard them. I am advocating that we perfect their use in CCSVI diagnosis.
The most exciting phrase to hear in science, the one that heralds new discoveries, is not ‘Eureka!’ (I found it!) but ‘That’s funny …’
– Isaac Asimov
If yesterday showed King’s County Hospital Center at its worst- slow service, confusion, piles and piles of sometimes redundant paperwork- then today revealed the hospital at its best. In one day I had an Ultrasound, MRV, neurological exam, and consultation with Dr. Sclafani (photo below). Everything went off like clockwork.
This is such a learning experience for me, and for all of us. I learned something today which I began to suspect a week or so ago. Noninvasive procedures such as ultrasound and MRV have minimal value, especially when they are being conducted by people without a huge amount of experience in diagnosing CCSVI this way (which is almost everyone), and especially when you plan to undergo a venogram the following day anyway. My ultrasound today probably showed no CCSVI issues, or maybe it did. Who knows? Who cares? Today’s MRV of my jugular veins may have indicated some CCSVI, or maybe it didn’t. Who knows? Who cares? The azygos vein was not scanned at all today, and according to Dr. Zamboni this is the vein most often associated with stenosis in primary progressive MS.
Use of these noninvasive tests are a bit like trying to map the surface of the moon by viewing it through a telescope. The venogram is more like mapping the moon by walking on the surface- with a surveyor’s transit in your hand. Tomorrow, Dr. Sclafani will be walking on the moon for me.
Barbara, who is the other person being treated this week, is first up tomorrow morning. I’ve grown to know Barbara quite well this week. She’s an incredible woman who deserves some sort of relief from MS as much as anyone does. I’ll be rooting for her.
When Barbara is done, it will be my turn. I won’t be able to report out to relatives and close friends until late afternoon or early evening. I may or may not be able to blog about my experience tomorrow night.
Am I nervous? A little. I’m not anxious about the procedure itself. I’m worried that I could be the first MS patient of Dr. Sclafani’s who does not have CCSVI. Lying on that table tomorrow, wide awake, with a catheter wandering around in my venous system, I’ll be thrilled if I hear Dr. Sclafani utter something along the lines of “that’s funny…”
Today was a day of hurry up and wait. Nothing accomplished other than paperwork, etc. Tomorrow should be busy with MRV, Ultrasound, and consults. It’s late, and today was uneventful, so this post will be short.
Why is it late, you ask? Well, Kim and I went to dinner in Manhattan with a group that included some MS friends of mine.
Left to right: Michelle (bestadmom), Marc (Wheelchair Kamikaze), Barbara (Montana), Mitch (Enjoying the Ride)
Oh, and I now have clearance to share Dr. X’s name. He is the same physician who has already treated Michelle and Marc- Dr. Salvatore Sclafani of the Kings Country Hospital Center in Brooklyn, NY.
I hope to leave a much more detailed post tomorrow, because I’ll be less tired, and, frankly, I should have more to write about.
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| (Photo credit: Wikipedia) |
As I indicated in my previous post, this is my CCSVI week- diagnosis and hopefully treatment. I plan to update this blog frequently with details of my adventure. This post is installment #1.
My lovely wife and I made the trek from Maine to our hotel room- a 5 hour drive without traffic, bathroom breaks, wrong turns, etc. So, it was about 7 hours total. I have this hotel room reserved for 8 nights, but I’ll be looking for another room tomorrow. I’ve learned over time that the term “wheelchair accessible” is a very subjective one indeed. I’ve traveled a lot in my wheelchair, and this is the smallest “wheelchair accessible” room I’ve ever seen. I can’t even turn my chair around in it. I have to drive in, and back out. I won’t trouble you with a description of how complicated it is for me to use the bathroom.
But we’ll survive one night anyway. The internet access is good, and free, and the place appears clean.
I’ve had about 7 months to think about CCSVI, and today I had about 7 hours to really think about this. Here’s where my mind is now…
There’s a battle going on inside me, other than the battle between MS and my central nervous system, and other than the battle between the anxiety of traveling and the tranquility of my little plastic glass of shiraz. The battle I’m referring to here is between optimism for the events of the coming days, and realism about the prospects.
One part of me has optimistic expectations that this experience could affect my MS in a positive way. I don’t spend much time talking or writing about this part of me. I’m almost ashamed of it. But I must admit that this aspect of my being does exist, because if I didn’t have some level of optimism, I would not have spent hundreds of hours researching this, and I wouldn’t be sitting where I am tonight. This is the emotional, hopeful part of me.
The intellectual part of me is working hard to keep the emotional part of me grounded. My brain keeps telling my heart to guard its expectations. After all, this is an experimental treatment of a condition that is related to MS only theoretically (so far). If I let my hope and my emotions run the show, I could be in for a big disappointment.
So my state of mind is the product of these two warring factions in my head. So far they are fighting to a draw, which is probably a perfect situation from a mental health point of view. A little optimism is good for the soul. A little realism is needed to hedge against the possible negative outcomes.
What are some of the potential outcomes this week?
What keeps my spirits up is that I’ve been wondering and wondering for so many months, and now I’m that much closer to having answers. Answers are good.
Schedule for tomorrow: MRV and then dinner with friends.
